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Compare San Marino (2007) - Namibia (2005)
Compare San Marino (2007) z Namibia (2005)
| San Marino (2007) | Namibia (2005) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle | 13 regions; Caprivi, Erongo, Hardap, Karas, Khomas, Kunene, Ohangwena, Okavango, Omaheke, Omusati, Oshana, Oshikoto, Otjozondjupa |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,573/female 2,404)
15-64 years: 66.1% (male 9,388/female 10,178) 65 years and over: 17.1% (male 2,190/female 2,882) (2007 est.) |
0-14 years: 38.7% (male 396,247/female 389,543)
15-64 years: 57.7% (male 586,900/female 584,779) 65 years and over: 3.6% (male 33,524/female 39,699) (2005 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides | millet, sorghum, peanuts; livestock; fish |
| Airports | - | 136 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total: 21
over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 4 (2004 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total: 115
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 22 914 to 1,523 m: 71 under 914 m: 20 (2004 est.) |
| Area | total: 61.2 sq km
land: 61.2 sq km water: 0 sq km |
total: 825,418 sq km
land: 825,418 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC | slightly more than half the size of Alaska |
| Background | The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marino in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy; social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor. | South Africa occupied the German colony of South-West Africa during World War I and administered it as a mandate until after World War II, when it annexed the territory. In 1966 the Marxist South-West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO) guerrilla group launched a war of independence for the area that was soon named Namibia, but it was not until 1988 that South Africa agreed to end its administration in accordance with a UN peace plan for the entire region. Namibia won its independence in 1990 and has been governed by SWAPO since. Hifikepunye POHAMBA was elected president in November 2004 in a landslide victory replacing Sam NUJOMA who led the country during its first 14 years of self rule. |
| Birth rate | 9.89 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 25.16 births/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $709.6 million
expenditures: $672.3 million (2004) |
revenues: $1.788 billion
expenditures: $1.956 billion, including capital expenditures of NA (2004 est.) |
| Capital | name: San Marino
geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October |
Windhoek |
| Climate | Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers | desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 1,572 km |
| Constitution | 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution | ratified 9 February 1990, effective 12 March 1990 |
| Country name | conventional long form: Republic of San Marino
conventional short form: San Marino local long form: Repubblica di San Marino local short form: San Marino |
conventional long form: Republic of Namibia
conventional short form: Namibia former: German Southwest Africa, South-West Africa |
| Death rate | 8.27 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 18.36 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Debt - external | $NA | $1.136 billion (2004 est.) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino | chief of mission: Ambassador Joyce BARR
embassy: Ausplan Building, 14 Lossen Street, Windhoek mailing address: Private Bag 12029 Ausspannplatz, Windhoek telephone: [264] (61) 221601 FAX: [264] (61) 229792 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | San Marino does not have an embassy in the US
honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu |
chief of mission: Ambassador Leonard Nangolo IIPUMBU
chancery: 1605 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 telephone: [1] (202) 986-0540 FAX: [1] (202) 986-0443 |
| Disputes - international | none | border commission has yet to resolve small residual disputes with Botswana along the Caprivi Strip, including the Situngu marshlands along the Linyanti River; Botswana residents protest Namibia's planned construction of the Okavango hydroelectric dam on Popa Falls; managed dispute with South Africa over the location of the boundary in the Orange River; Namibia has supported and in 2004 Zimbabwe dropped objections to plans between Botswana and Zambia to build a bridge over the Zambezi River, thereby de facto recognizing a short, but not clearly delimited Botswana-Zambia, boundary in the river |
| Economic aid - recipient | $NA | ODA $160 million (2000 est.) |
| Economy - overview | The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2006 more than 2.1 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, wearing apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food. | The economy is heavily dependent on the extraction and processing of minerals for export. Mining accounts for 20% of GDP. Rich alluvial diamond deposits make Namibia a primary source for gem-quality diamonds. Namibia is the fourth-largest exporter of nonfuel minerals in Africa, the world's fifth-largest producer of uranium, and the producer of large quantities of lead, zinc, tin, silver, and tungsten. The mining sector employs only about 3% of the population while about half of the population depends on subsistence agriculture for its livelihood. Namibia normally imports about 50% of its cereal requirements; in drought years food shortages are a major problem in rural areas. A high per capita GDP, relative to the region, hides the great inequality of income distribution; nearly one-third of Namibians had annual incomes of less than $1,400 in constant 1994 dollars, according to a 1993 study. The Namibian economy is closely linked to South Africa with the Namibian dollar pegged to the South African rand. Privatization of several enterprises in coming years may stimulate long-run foreign investment. Mining of zinc, copper, and silver and increased fish production led growth in 2003-04. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 1.92 billion kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 65 million kWh (2002) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 900 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by South Africa (2002) |
| Electricity - production | - | 1.167 billion kWh (2002) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m
highest point: Monte Titano 755 m |
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Konigstein 2,606 m |
| Environment - current issues | NA | very limited natural fresh water resources; desertification; wildlife poaching; land degradation has led to few conservation areas |
| Environment - international agreements | party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution |
party to: Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | Sammarinese, Italian | black 87.5%, white 6%, mixed 6.5%
note: about 50% of the population belong to the Ovambo tribe and 9% to the Kavangos tribe; other ethnic groups are: Herero 7%, Damara 7%, Nama 5%, Caprivian 4%, Bushmen 3%, Baster 2%, Tswana 0.5% |
| Exchange rates | euros per US dollar - 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002) | Namibian dollars per US dollar - 6.4597 (2004), 7.5648 (2003), 10.5407 (2002), 8.6092 (2001), 6.9398 (2000) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Cochiefs of State Captain Regent Mirko TOMASSONI and Captain Regent Alberto SELVA (for the period 1 October 2007-31 March 2008)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006) cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term elections: cochiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2007 (next to be held in March 2008); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 27 July 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: Mirko TOMASSONI and Alberto SELVA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles |
chief of state: President Hifikepunye POHAMBA (since 15 November 2004)
head of government: Prime Minister Nahas ANGULA (since 21 March 2005) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 15 November 2004 (next to be held November 2009) election results: Hifikepunye POHAMBA elected president; percent of vote - NA% |
| Exports | $1.291 billion (2004) | NA |
| Exports - commodities | building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics | diamonds, copper, gold, zinc, lead, uranium; cattle, processed fish, karakul skins |
| Exports - partners | - | EU 79%, US 4% (2001) |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty) | a large blue triangle with a yellow sunburst fills the upper left section and an equal green triangle (solid) fills the lower right section; the triangles are separated by a red stripe that is contrasted by two narrow white-edge borders |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
agriculture: 11.3%
industry: 30.8% services: 57.9% (2004 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $7,300 (2004 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 4.6% (2004 est.) | 4.8% (2004 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 43 46 N, 12 25 E | 22 00 S, 17 00 E |
| Geography - note | landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines | first country in the world to incorporate the protection of the environment into its constitution; some 14% of the land is protected, including virtually the entire Namib Desert coastal strip |
| Highways | - | total: 42,237 km
paved: 5,406 km unpaved: 36,831 km (2002) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
| Imports | $2.035 billion (2004) | NA |
| Imports - commodities | wide variety of consumer manufactures, food | foodstuffs; petroleum products and fuel, machinery and equipment, chemicals |
| Imports - partners | - | US 50%, EU 31% (2001) |
| Independence | 3 September AD 301 | 21 March 1990 (from South African mandate) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 5.6% (2005 est.) | NA |
| Industries | tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine | meatpacking, fish processing, dairy products; mining (diamond, lead, zinc, tin, silver, tungsten, uranium, copper) |
| Infant mortality rate | total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births female: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.) |
total: 48.98 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 53 deaths/1,000 live births female: 44.84 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | -1.5% (2006) | 4.2% (2004 est.) |
| International organization participation | CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO | ACP, AfDB, AU, C, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO (correspondent), ITU, MIGA, NAM, ONUB, OPCW, SACU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNOCI, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO |
| Irrigated land | NA | 70 sq km (1998 est.) |
| Judicial branch | Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII | Supreme Court (judges appointed by the president on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission) |
| Labor force | 20,470 (2004) | 840,000 (2004 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture: 0.2%
industry: 40.1% services: 59.7% (2006 est.) |
agriculture 47%, industry 20%, services 33% (1999 est.) |
| Land boundaries | total: 39 km
border countries: Italy 39 km |
total: 3,936 km
border countries: Angola 1,376 km, Botswana 1,360 km, South Africa 967 km, Zambia 233 km |
| Land use | arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 0% other: 83.33% (2005) |
arable land: 0.99%
permanent crops: 0% other: 99.01% (2001) |
| Languages | Italian | English 7% (official), Afrikaans common language of most of the population and about 60% of the white population, German 32%, indigenous languages: Oshivambo, Herero, Nama |
| Legal system | based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction | based on Roman-Dutch law and 1990 constitution |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by June 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, APDS 11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%, other parties 9.2%; seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and Democrats 20, APDS 7, United Left 5, New Socialist Party 3, others 4 |
bicameral legislature consists of the National Council (26 seats; two members are chosen from each regional council to serve six-year terms) and the National Assembly (72 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: National Council - elections for regional councils, to determine members of the National Council, held 15-16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2009); National Assembly - last held 15-16 November 2004 (next to be held November 2009) election results: National Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; National Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SWAPO 55, COD 5, DTA 4, UDF 3, MAG 1, other 4 note: the National Council is primarily an advisory body |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: 81.8 years
male: 78.33 years female: 85.57 years (2007 est.) |
total population: 43.93 years
male: 44.71 years female: 43.13 years (2005 est.) |
| Literacy | definition: age 10 and over can read and write
total population: 96% male: 97% female: 95% |
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 84% male: 84.4% female: 83.7% (2003 est.) |
| Location | Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy | Southern Africa, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Angola and South Africa |
| Map references | Europe | Africa |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm |
| Merchant marine | - | total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) 2,265 GRT/3,605 DWT
by type: cargo 1 (2005) |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of Italy | - |
| Military branches | no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties and limited police functions (2006) | Namibian Defense Force: Army (includes Air Wing), Navy, Police |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | - | $168.4 million (2004) |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA | 3.1% (2004) |
| National holiday | Founding of the Republic, 3 September (AD 301) | Independence Day, 21 March (1990) |
| Nationality | noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)
adjective: Sammarinese |
noun: Namibian(s)
adjective: Namibian |
| Natural hazards | NA | prolonged periods of drought |
| Natural resources | building stone | diamonds, copper, uranium, gold, lead, tin, lithium, cadmium, zinc, salt, hydropower, fish
note: suspected deposits of oil, coal, and iron ore |
| Net migration rate | 10.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.) | 0.52 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco SANSOVINI]; New Socialist Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or APDS [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left | Congress of Democrats or COD [Ben ULENGA]; Democratic Turnhalle Alliance of Namibia or DTA [Katuutire KAURA, president]; Monitor Action Group or MAG [Kosie PRETORIUS]; South West Africa People's Organization or SWAPO [Sam Shafishuna NUJOMA]; United Democratic Front or UDF [Justus GAROEB] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | NA |
| Population | 29,615 (July 2007 est.) | 2,030,692
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA% | 50% (2002 est.) |
| Population growth rate | 1.219% (2007 est.) | 0.73% (2005 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | - | Luderitz, Walvis Bay |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 2, FM 39, shortwave 4 (2001) |
| Railways | - | total: 2,382 km
narrow gauge: 2,382 km 1.067-m gauge (2004) |
| Religions | Roman Catholic | Christian 80% to 90% (Lutheran 50% at least), indigenous beliefs 10% to 20% |
| Sex ratio | at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female total population: 0.915 male(s)/female (2007 est.) |
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.84 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2005 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: adequate connections
domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network |
general assessment: good system; about 6 telephones for each 100 persons
domestic: good urban services; fair rural service; microwave radio relay links major towns; connections to other populated places are by open wire; 100% digital international: country code - 264; fiber-optic cable to South Africa, microwave radio relay link to Botswana, direct links to other neighboring countries; connected to Africa ONE and South African Far East (SAFE) submarine cables through South Africa; satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat (2002) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 21,000 (2006) | 127,400 (2003) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 17,390 (2006) | 223,700 (2003) |
| Television broadcast stations | 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997) | 8 (plus about 20 low-power repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | rugged mountains | mostly high plateau; Namib Desert along coast; Kalahari Desert in east |
| Total fertility rate | 1.34 children born/woman (2007 est.) | 3.18 children born/woman (2005 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | 3.8% (2004) | 35% (1998) |
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